Secure Workarounds for Unsupported Protocols

Secure Workarounds for Unsupported Protocols in Industrial Networks

In today’s rapidly evolving industrial landscape, many organizations find themselves managing legacy systems that rely on unsupported protocols. These protocols present unique challenges in maintaining security and efficiency while also ensuring operational continuity. This post aims to delve into the intricacies of dealing with unsupported protocols, offering secure workaround strategies tailored for Critical Infrastructure (CI) environments.

Understanding Unsupported Protocols

Definition: Unsupported protocols are those network communication protocols that are no longer supported by the vendor or the community, often due to obsolescence, security vulnerabilities, or the evolution of standards. Common examples include older versions of Modbus, DNP3, or even proprietary protocols that lack documentation and peer support. Historical Context: Networking protocols have evolved significantly since the inception of industrial networks in the late 20th century. The early 1990s saw significant advancements with Ethernet and TCP/IP becoming standardized. However, many industrial environments still operate on older systems that do not support newer, more secure communication protocols. This dichotomy results in a persistent reliance on legacy systems, leaving many organizations vulnerable to cyber threats.

Network Architecture Considerations

When dealing with unsupported protocols, it's essential to consider how network architecture can mitigate risks:

1. Segmentation

Overview: Network segmentation involves dividing the network into smaller, isolated segments that limit access to critical systems and data. Implementation:

- Utilize firewalls and VLANs to create distinct segments. Separate the Operational Technology (OT) network from the Information Technology (IT) network to enhance security posture.

- Apply strict access controls, ensuring that only authorized personnel or systems can interact with segments using unsupported protocols.

2. Deep Packet Inspection (DPI)

Overview: DPI allows for detailed examination of network traffic beyond basic header information. Application:

- Implement DPI tools to monitor and analyze traffic using unsupported protocols. This can help identify unusual behavior indicative of potential security breaches.

- Incorporate granular rules to allow or deny traffic based on established security policies, effectively controlling unsupported protocol communications.

IT/OT Collaboration and Communication

To secure unsupported protocols, fostering collaboration between IT and OT is crucial:

1. Bridging Knowledge Gaps

- Establish joint task forces that include both IT security professionals and OT engineers to identify vulnerabilities in existing systems.

- Conduct regular workshops and meetings to share knowledge about protocols, emphasizing the importance of cybersecurity and best practices.

2. Unified Policy Frameworks

- Develop a unified security policy that incorporates the unique requirements of both IT and OT networks. This framework should address specifics of unsupported protocols, establishing guidelines on how they should be monitored and managed.

- Ensure compliance training is consistent across departments to solidify understanding of cybersecurity risks associated with legacy systems.

Best Practices for Secure Connectivity Deployment

Deploying secure workarounds requires strategic planning and implementation:

1. Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)

Overview: VPN technology encrypts traffic and creates secure tunnels over unsecured networks. Implementation:

- Leverage site-to-site or remote access VPNs as a secure communication method for devices and personnel that require connection to unsupported protocol systems.

- Ensure robust authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication (MFA), are in place for users accessing these connections.

2. Application Layer Gateways

Overview: Gateways can translate unsupported protocols into more secure versions or encapsulate them within secure protocols like HTTPS. Application:

- Implement application layer gateways to facilitate communication between legacy systems and modern applications, ensuring that data in transit is encrypted and secure.

- Use protocol wrappers that encapsulate potentially vulnerable protocol communications within secure protocols.

Conclusion

Addressing the risks presented by unsupported protocols is paramount for security-conscious organizations operating in critical environments. By understanding the foundation of these protocols and employing tools such as network segmentation, DPI, and VPNs, CISO, IT directors, and network engineers can work towards mitigating risks associated with legacy systems.

Ultimately, fostering cooperation between IT and OT departments is essential for developing an all-encompassing security strategy that acknowledges the complexities of existing infrastructures. Through careful planning and implementation of secure workarounds, organizations can maintain operational effectiveness while enhancing their cybersecurity posture.

Call to Action

Consider conducting an assessment of the protocols currently in use in your environment. Identify unsupported systems, evaluate the associated risks, and leverage the insights provided in this article to develop a comprehensive security approach tailored to your organization’s needs.